PEBC Cardiology Practice Test

Rhythm control is favored when restoring and keeping the heart in normal rhythm will most effectively reduce symptoms and improve function. Each of these situations points to that goal.

Recently diagnosed AF (<1 year): Starting rhythm control early can prevent atrial remodeling and is more likely to succeed in maintaining sinus rhythm, which can lessen symptoms and improve quality of life.

Highly symptomatic AF: If symptoms such as palpitations, shortness of breath, or fatigue are severe, simply slowing the heart rate may not relieve the burden. Restoring sinus rhythm directly addresses the loss of coordinated atrial contraction and can markedly improve daily functioning.

Multiple recurrences: Recurrent episodes indicate a higher burden of AF, and rhythm-control strategies (long-term antiarrhythmic therapy or ablation) are often pursued to reduce episodes, improve symptoms, and prevent hospitalizations.

Therefore, all of the above scenarios support choosing rhythm control.